Benzene

Benzene is a colourless, flammable liquid with a sweet odour, well known as an organic compound that is used in various industrial processes and products. While benzene is not typically found in drinking water sources at levels of concern, its presence in water can be a significant environmental and health concern due to its toxic properties, including industrial discharges, runoff from contaminated sites, and leakage from underground storing tanks. It can also be present in ground water near areas with historical or current industrial activities, water wells and bore water resources. Benzene is a well-known human carcinogen, with results showing prolonged exposure to high levels have been associated with the development of various cancers, particularly leukemia. Where short term exposure to elevated levels of benzene can cause health effects such as diarrhea, headaches, nausea and skin irritations. Regulation agencies in various countries have established strict guidelines for the allowable levels of benzene in drink water, with regular testing and monitoring of the water quality to ensure the protection of public health and the limits are safe for usage.